Artificial turf yog thawj zaug hauv lub tebchaws thaum xyoo 1980s, thiab nws tsis tau nthuav dav mus txog rau thaum nruab nrab thiab lig 1990s. Ua ke nrog cov yas khiav, nws tau dhau los ua tus qauv qauv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv kev ua kis las chaw tsim kho, hloov ntau qhov chaw ua si kis las thaum xub thawj cog nrog cov nyom ntuj. Txawm hais tias daim ntawv thov ntau yam ntawm cov nyom dag tau raug txwv rau qee qhov vim yog vim li cas xws li kev nyab xeeb kev ua si, cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov chaw, thiab kev paub txog pej xeem, nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, cov cuab yeej tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv turf tau ua tsis tu ncua thiab txhim kho. Niaj hnub no, lub thib rau tiam turf ua los ntawm qhib-net ib leeg-fiber filaments yog los ze zog mus rau tej yam ntuj tso turf nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm shock absorption piv, pob rebound dov, thiab steering nqi, thiab txawm muaj zoo nyob rau hauv tej yam ntxwv.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev nyab xeeb kev ua si, lub cim tshiab ntawm cov nyom nyom fiber ntau tau txhim kho cov txheej txheej thiab cov khoom siv polymerized kom txo tau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev raug mob kis las xws li tawv nqaij khawb thiab ko taw. Qhov zoo ntawm cov nyom dag thiab ntuj turf yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab qhov tsis zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo kuj muaj nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj. Thaum xaiv thiab siv lawv, lawv yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li qhov tseeb.
Piv nrog rau tej yam ntuj tso turf, cov kev ua si ntawm cov khoom siv turf feem ntau nyuaj dua, thiab kev sib txhuam coefficient ntawm cov tshuaj fiber ntau feem ntau me dua li ntawm cov hniav turfgrass. Hauv kev ncaws pob, nws qhia tau hais tias lub pob nrawm nrawm dhau thiab tus nqi rov qab siab dhau. Li no nce qhov nyuaj ntawm cov neeg uas ua ntawv' kev tswj lub pob.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv turf tshaj ntuj turf nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua si yog hais tias lub uniformity ntawm lub teb yog zoo heev, thiab lub flatness yog zoo dua, thiab nws muaj peev xwm zam tag nrho cov tsis zoo ntawm lub teb los ntawm tej yam xws li kev nyab xeeb thiab txij nkawm, yog li ntawd cuam tshuam rau kev sib tw.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Ib puag ncig Kev cuam tshuam rau huab cua Cov nyom ntuj yog tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntsuab, uas tuaj yeem nqus cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab tso pa tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem metabolic ntawm photosynthesis thiab tuaj yeem nqus cov pa phem xws li sulfur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride, ammonia, thiab chlorine kom huv. huab cua. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm. Ntuj lawns muaj qhov pom tseeb thaiv cov nyhuv ntawm cov plua plav. Cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas tau qhia tias thaum cua ntawm peb lossis plaub theem tau tshuab, cov plua plav concentration nyob rau saum ntuj saum av liab qab yog 13 npaug ntawm lub ntuj saum cov nyom. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias 25-square-meter lawn tuaj yeem nqus tau tag nrho cov pa roj carbon dioxide tawm ntawm tus neeg thiab hloov mus rau oxygen kom tau raws li cov pa oxygen xav tau los ntawm tib neeg lub cev hauv kev ua pa. Artificial turf yog cov khoom siv tsis muaj sia ua los ntawm polyethylene, polypropylene, thiab lwm yam polymers. Nws tsis tuaj yeem nqa tawm cov metabolism ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntsuab, yog li nws tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev tswj cov pa roj carbon thiab oxygen nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv turf tuaj yeem thaiv cov plua plav mus rau qee qhov, nws tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev nqus cov pa phem los ntxuav cov huab cua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis qis feem ntau muaj cov tshuaj chlorine impurity, uas yuav decompose thiab tso cov tshuaj chlorine nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias thiab muaj zog tshav ntuj, uas yuav ua rau huab cua tsis zoo.
Kev cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb Lub txaj turf ntawm cov nyom nyom yog qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov xuab zeb. Muaj cov pores txaus nyob rau hauv cov qauv los khaws cov dej thaum lub sij hawm irrigation thiab nag lossis daus, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txuag dej. Thaum huab cua kub, turfgrass siv lub hauv paus system nqus dej tob thiab tshem tawm cov cua sov los ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig los ntawm kev hloov pauv, txo qhov kub hauv av thiab tswj cov microclimate nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw. Lub txaj qauv ntawm cov khoom siv turf yog tsim los ntawm roj hmab, pob zeb, lossis asphalt, uas yeej tsis tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev txuag dej, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem txo qhov kub thiab txias, thiab nws lub peev xwm kub yog me me, ua rau qhov kub thiab txias siab dua. huab cua kub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw ua si kaw qhov teeb meem no tseem hnyav dua. Thaum tav su hauv lub caij ntuj sov, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias huab cua nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw muaj qhov pom tseeb cua sov distortion ntawm cov khoom siv turf. Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb ntsig txog qhia tau tias nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 30 ° C, qhov nruab nrab qhov kub ntawm cov nyom nyom yog 2 ° C mus rau 3 ° C qis dua qhov cua kub, thaum qhov kub ntawm cov nyom nyom yog 6 ° C mus rau 11 ° C. C siab dua qhov cua kub. Qhov nce ntawm qhov kub ntawm cov nyom yog qhov siab dua li ntawm cov nyom ntuj. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khoom siv turf yog siab heev. Yog tias tus neeg siv rub tawm tsam nws hnyav rau lub sijhawm no, daim tawv nqaij ntawm qhov sib cuag yuav raug mob hnyav.
Raws li cov khoom kawg, cov nyom nyom nyom uas tsim los ntawm cov nyom nyom yog hloov mus rau hauv cov organic teeb meem thiab rov qab mus rau hauv av raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov turf txaj sediment. Thaum kawg, tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab tsis muaj teeb meem sib xyaw ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab cov xuab zeb tseem nyob, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev ntxiv cov organic teeb meem rau nws rau lwm lub hom phiaj. Artificial turf muaj qhov zoo ntawm lub ntsej muag ci, plaub lub caij ntsuab, vivid, kev ua haujlwm zoo, lub neej ua haujlwm ntev, tus nqi tu qis, thiab lwm yam.
Cov kev xav tau zoo rau lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua kis las turf yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv peb yam: hardness, flatness, thiab ntws txoj kab nqes.
Muaj peb feem ntau siv cov nyom nyom: asphalt foundation, cement foundation, thiab gravel foundation. Hom twg yog siv feem ntau yog txiav txim siab los ntawm thaj chaw huab cua hauv cheeb tsam, pob nyiaj siv thiab sijhawm. Asphalt foundation yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov huab cua puag ncig nrog loj kub sib txawv nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thiab qis lub caij ntuj no kub. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim tias nws cov nqi siab, nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws ntawm lub hauv paus rau qhov chaw sov thiab ntub dej. Lub hauv paus pob zeb muaj ntau dua nyob rau sab qab teb vim nws txoj kev tsim kho yooj yim, tsis tshua muaj nqi, thiab cov dej ntws sai, tab sis vim nws tsis zoo rigidity thiab stability, Tom qab siv ntev, lub hauv paus yog yooj yim rau loosen, uas ua rau lub hauv paus tsis sib xws. ; Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws, cement pob zeb hauv paus tau dhau los ua kev lag luam, siv tau, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev ntawm cov khoom siv nyom nyom.
Raws li nws cov kev paub nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov nyom dag nyom, Shuanghe Sports yuav qhia luv luv txog cov nyom dag cement pob zeb hauv qab no:
1. Cov kev xav tau siab ntawm qhov flatness ntawm lub hauv paus nto los xyuas kom meej lub thickness thiab uniform elasticity ntawm cov nyom dag txheej txheej. Tus pass tus nqi ntawm flatness yog siab dua 95%,
5m txoj cai yuam kev 3MM, txoj kab nqes: kab rov tav 8‰, longitudinal 5‰, semicircular cheeb tsam 5‰, saum npoo yuav tsum tiaj tus, du, thiab xyuas kom cov kua dej.
2. Lub hauv paus yuav tsum muaj lub zog thiab ruaj khov.
3. Qhov saum npoo yog zoo ib yam thiab muaj zog, tsis muaj kab nrib pleb, tsis muaj rotten npoo, thiab pitted nto, thiab cov pob qij txha yog ncaj thiab du. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los txiav rau hauv daim li 6000mm × 6000mm.
4. Lub lev yog compacted, thiab qhov ceev yog ntau tshaj 95%. Tom qab nias los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov menyuam, tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb log, tsis muaj av xoob, nthwv dej, thiab lwm yam tshwm sim.
5. Lub hauv paus cement yuav tsum muaj qhov thaiv dej. Cov dej thaiv dej yog ua los ntawm PVC cov dej thaiv cov yeeb yaj kiab tshiab. Qhov kev sib tshuam yuav tsum siab tshaj 300mm, thiab cov npoo npoo yuav tsum siab tshaj 150mm.
6. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau txiav txim siab tawm hauv cov pob qij txha txuas nrog qhov dav ntawm 5 hli.
7. Lub sijhawm txij nkawm yooj yim yog 2-3 lub lis piam. Tsis puv xuab zeb
Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, feem ntau cov nyom nyom fiber ntau siv hauv cov khoom siv dag zog yog cov ntaub ntawv nylon qib siab, thiab qee qhov siv cov khoom siv fiber ntau. Artificial turf tsis muaj xuab zeb sau tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: dej-permeable thiab impermeable. Cov nyom zoo li no zoo ib yam li cov nyom nyom hauv qhov tsos, ib feem nrog ib txheej ntawm kev poob siab-absorbing ua npuas ncauj cushion, uas muaj ntau yam sib txawv thiab tuab. Txij li thaum tsis muaj ntau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom tsim hluav taws xob tiag tiag cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tso dag turf, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cov thev naus laus zis txawv teb chaws, thaum tso cov turf dag uas tsis muaj xuab zeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tso rau ntawm kev poob siab-absorbing ua npuas ncauj cushions yuav tsum ua kom tiav los ntawm txawv teb chaws. cov kws tshaj lij. Ib txheej ntawm cov asphalt du yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov kev poob siab-absorbing ua npuas ncauj ua lub hauv paus, thiab pob zeb, xuab zeb, thiab pebbles yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv asphalt raws li lub hauv paus, thiab cov qauv ntawm cov kav dej yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd, hom khoom siv dag zog no yuav tsum siv cov khoom siv dag zog tshwj xeeb thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev tso thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm qee qhov chaw ua kis las lossis kim, txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm flatness thiab uniformity. qhov chaw. Piv txwv li, lub tshav pob hockey ntawm Beijing Lucheng Sports Technical College, uas yog qhov chaw cob qhia hockey rau xyoo 2008 Olympic Games, thiab qee qhov ntawm cov nyom dag nyom thiab thaiv cov nyom dag kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau tsim ua raws li cov cai saum toj no. .
Filling hais
Particle turf tau txais los ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov neeg siv hauv Suav teb vim nws cov qib siab thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev ua kis las zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo. Feem ntau ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv yog polymers ntawm polyethylene (PE) los yog polypropylene (PP). Cov fibers ntawm cov nyom no ntev dua li cov uas tsis muaj xuab zeb, thiab qhov chaw yog backfilled nrog 2-3 hli ntawm quartz xuab zeb thiab roj hmab hais. Nws cov yam ntxwv ua kis las yog ze heev rau cov nyom ntuj, thiab nws tuaj yeem siv tau txhua xyoo puag ncig. Feem ntau, cov nyom yuav tsum tau khaws cia thiab siv rau 6-8 lub hlis kom ncav cuag qhov zoo tshaj plaws tom qab tso. Hom nyom no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau kev tso tawm sab nraum zoov, thiab nws lub sijhawm lav feem ntau yog 5-8 xyoo, tab sis nws lub neej tiag tiag tuaj yeem tshaj 5 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev ntawm huab cua qhuav, tsuas yog nchuav dej me ntsis ntawm cov nyom kom txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov neeg ncaws pob raug mob.
Sib tov nyom
Nws tsis yog kev npau suav ntxiv rau kev sib xyaw cov nyom ntuj thiab cov nyom dag. Cov nyom ntawm cov nyom zoo li no yog ntuj tsim, thiab cov qauv hauv paus ntawm cov nyom yog ntxiv dag zog nrog cov yas, xws li cia cov nyom loj hlob ntawm cov net zoo li hauv qab ua los ntawm cov yas. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, tus neeg siv-phooj ywg yam ntxwv ntawm ntuj turf yog zoo ua ke nrog lub super durability ntawm dag turf.
Hauv Suav teb, cov khoom siv turf uas muaj cov khoom siv rau 95%, tab sis ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv nyiam saib qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev tsim kho txuas thaum xaiv cov khoom. Kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis ntawm cov nyom dag yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev saib xyuas thiab kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog hauv lub sijhawm tom qab.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, peb yuav tsum ua cov txheej txheem kev npaj, ua rau" peb kev sib txuas thiab ib theem" thiab paub txog cov duab kos, xyuas thiab lees txais qhov kev tsim kho zoo, qhov chaw tso khoom yuav tsum huv si, qhov chaw yuav tsum qhuav, du, tsis muaj khib nyiab, wax stains, thiab roj, thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kev tsim kho kub yuav tsum tau khaws cia saum toj no 10. °C. Siv theodolite lossis lwm yam twj paj nruag los ntsuas seb cov chaw nyob ib puag ncig puas ua tau raws li qhov loj ntawm cov kis las. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis tsim nyog, nws yuav tsum tau hloov kho tam sim ntawd, nrog kev tso cai yuam kev ntawm ± 5 hli.
Thib ob, ua ntej tso cov khoom siv dag zog, peb yuav tsum xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov turf ua ke nrog cov khoom tsim khoom siv turf los xyuas seb cov khoom siv zoo, qhov ntom ntom, thiab cov txheej txheem weaving ntawm cov turf puas tsim nyog kom tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev siv. Ib qhov chaw txheem tsis tuaj yeem tshaj 30 cov ntsiab lus txuas. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, xyuas seb qhov zoo ntawm cov filling puas ua tau raws li kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Thaum lub sij hawm tso cov txheej txheem, cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau siv los txiav cov npoo thiab seams ntawm cov nyom raws li cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb thiab txiav cov nyom sib tshooj sib npaug. Siv cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb rau cov nyom nyom kev ua si hauv av los txuas, thiab cov seam yuav tsum tsis txhob loj dua 2 hli. Qhov ntsuas kub thaum lub sij hawm sib txuas yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dhau, thiab qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum siab tshaj 10 ℃ rau kev tsim kho; Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis haum rau kev tsim kho hauv huab cua los nag los yog mildew, txwv tsis pub, nws yuav ua rau lub sij hawm sib khi ntev dhau los yog tseem ua rau tsis yog-sticking.
Lub filling ntawm quartz xuab zeb thiab roj hmab hais yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim kho. Tsuas yog tom qab kev teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog turf nto tiav thiab qib thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv saum npoo raug tshuaj xyuas kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, cov quartz xuab zeb thiab roj hmab hais tuaj yeem sau. Cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb thiab qhov ntau ntawm kev sau yog txiav txim siab raws li qhov siab thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov nyom. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov tshuab tshwj xeeb xuab zeb thiab cov cuab yeej txhuam hniav yuav tsum tau siv los sau cov khoom kom ntseeg tau tias qhov flatness thiab uniformity ntawm qhov chaw thiab tib lub sijhawm pab txhim kho kev ua kis las ntawm qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, quartz xuab zeb thiab roj hmab hais yuav tsum yog cov ntaub ntawv qhuav tag rau kev tsim kho, txwv tsis pub, cov nyom stems yuav dhau mus thiab cuam tshuam rau kev ua kom zoo. Quartz xuab zeb yuav tsum tau ntim rau hauv ntau txheej, thiab txhua txheej ntawm cov filling yuav tsum tau txhuam rov qab thiab tawm nrog cov nyom txhuam kom ua kom lub filling poob thiab sau. Feem ntau, nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua si rov qab ntau dua 20 zaug hauv ib qho chaw. Cov teeb meem zoo hauv cov khoom siv raw thiab cov txheej txheem ntau lawm:
1. Cov nyom yog xim tsis sib xws thiab muaj chromatic aberration
Cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov nyom filaments tau ua tiav rau hauv cov nyom thiab kev taug kev ntawm ib daim teb yuav ua rau xim sib txawv.
Nws yog ib txoj hauj lwm nrog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov tuab ntawm txhua pawg ntawm cov nyom lo lo ntxhuav zoo ib yam, thiab cov xim zoo ib yam. Cov khoom siv raw ntawm cov nyom nyom ua los ntawm cov khoom siv kos duab uas tsis ua raws li cov kev cai feem ntau muaj xim sib txawv.
2. Pom tseeb fading tshwm sim tom qab tshav ntuj raug, thiab fading tsis sib xws. Stability thiab xim ceev ceev nyob rau hauv lub teeb ultraviolet yog cov cim tseem ceeb rau kev soj ntsuam cov nyom dag.
3. Cov khoom siv turf feem ntau tsis muaj lossis tawg vim lub zog thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov hauv qab hauv qab tsis txaus. Tom qab ib lub sij hawm ntawm corrosion, kev laus, thiab kev hloov me me, lub durability ntawm cov hauv qab hauv ob sab phlu yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv turf.
4. Qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov chaw de-filing kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws hauv qab thiab rov qab scraping, tsis paub tab scraping technology, los yog tsis tshua muaj abrasion tsis kam ntawm cov nyom txhob lo lo ntxhuav. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tub ntxhais hluas ncaws pob, qhov tshwm sim ntawm xov poob feem ntau cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv.
5. Cov nyom lo lo ntxhuav tsis ci txaus, thiab kev sib txhuam zoo li qub, thiab nws muaj kev nkag siab ntawm stagnation.
Kev ua haujlwm zoo li qub thiab ci ntsa iab kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev sib tw ntawm cov khoom siv turf, uas muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom' s abrasion coefficient thiab cov txiaj ntsig kev ua kis las zaum kawg. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog yog tib yam li lwm cov khoom. Nws feem ntau yog nyob ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv raw xws li cov nyom lo lo ntxhuav, hauv qab hauv ob sab phlu, thiab seb cov txheej txheem tom qab kev kho mob xws li scraping kua nplaum yog qhov paub tab thiab ruaj khov.
Teeb meem hauv kev tsim kho:
1 Qhov loj ntawm cov kab kos tsis raug txaus, thiab cov nyom dawb splicing tsis ncaj.
2 Lub zog ntawm txoj hlua khi tsis txaus los yog cov nyom nyom tsis siv, thiab cov nyom yog tig.
3 Lub seam kab ntawm qhov chaw yog pom tseeb,
4 Qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov nyom filaments tsis tau teem caij tsis tu ncua, thiab lub teeb pom kev chromatic aberration tshwm.
5 Qhov saum npoo ntawm qhov chaw tsis sib xws vim tsis sib xws ntawm cov xuab zeb txhaj tshuaj thiab cov khoom siv roj hmab lossis cov nyom nyom uas tsis tau kho ua ntej.
6 Qhov tshwj xeeb tsis hnov tsw los yog tsis muaj xim ntawm qhov chaw yog feem ntau yog teeb meem ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov muab tub lim.
Cov teeb meem saum toj no uas yooj yim tshwm sim hauv cov txheej txheem tsim kho tuaj yeem zam tau yog tias koj ua tib zoo saib me ntsis thiab ua tib zoo siv cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho turf.
